1923 Louk (Lodewijk, Henri, Christiaan)Hulsman, born 8 march 1923 at Kerkrade, Netherlands.
1936 Gymnasium Alfa partly at Rolduc and
1939 partly at the Franciscaner Gymnasium at Heerlen.
1943 became part of the resistance group at Heerlen.
1944 (May) arrested and imprisoned in concentration camp Amersfoort.
1944 (September) escaped from a transport train to Germany.
1945 (April) Hidden with a family at the Veluwe.
1945 (August) in service with the Shock Troops.
1945 Studies Dutch Law at the Leiden University.
1948 Finishes studying Dutch Law at Leiden University.
1948-1949 active at the Institute of Criminology, University of Leiden ( van Bemmelen).
1949 active at the juridical department of the Ministry of Defence.
1951 member of the Committee of the European Defence Community, sent to Paris.
1955 -1980 active at the Ministry of Justice in various roles:
At first the department of constitutional and penal law (organisation Public Office);
Later as council adviser of the department Legislation;
Later as council adviser in extraordinary service
Amongst other activities working on various Benelux regulations.
Committee on Penal affairs; delegated as representative to the council of Europe.
1964 -1986 Appointed Professor of Penal Law and Criminology at the N.E.H., Rotterdam, to construct a new juridical faculty. Goal: to come to a new form of juridical education, strongly interwoven with other disciplines like Sociology, Psychology and Economics.
1969-1970 Dean, Juridical faculty.
Realisation of the new form of academic, juridical education program, where research and a high measure of equality in involvement between professors, academic associates and students is realised.
1968-1972 Chairman group Criminal Justice, to come to a definition of the role of lawyers defending their clients in penal law.
1965-1975 Member of the curatorium of the Police Academy.
Teaching courses measuring punishment to judges, with an emphasis on empirical knowledge.
1965 -1975 Chairman of the Catholic Rehabilitation Association; development of empirically grounded perspective for a professional role for rehabilitation in criminal justice.
1966 Chairman Committee on the role of rehabilitation.
1970- Chairman Coornhertliga, (reform of criminal justice)
2004- Chairman of the Foundation of Human Rights at Dordrecht
1965 till his death, (honorary) board membership of various international organisations:
Association International de Droit Penal
Organisation Défense Social
Société International de Criminologie
Active member of the following organisations:
ICOPA (International Conference On Penal Abolition)
Société International de Victimologie
Group Européenne pour la Recherche de la Normativité, GERN
European Group for the Study of Deviance and Social Control (Critical Criminologists)
Participant and co-organiser of activities developed and organised by these organisations, including congresses and conferences.
The various fields of attention that have played a major role in national and international activities, from the area of education and existing international contacts:
Drugs, drug legislation (‘ruimte in het drugbeleid’, rapport werkgroep van Dijk/Hulsman 1971.
Victimology
Decriminalising (committee Council of Europe)
Rights of indigenous people (example: Chairman Russell Tribunal, Rotterdam 1980, tutoring of a thesis on South American Indians)
Abolitionism (Peines Perdues, Hulsman/Celis, 1982, translated in Italian, Dutch, Greek and Spanish)
Exchange programs with universities for visiting lectureships and more:
Université de Montreal
University of Ottawa
University of Minnesota
After retirement pension:
Various universities in South America (like Brazil and Argentina)
Educational activities:
1974 realisation of the Common Study Program of Critical Criminology
It is still active and Louk has participated till his death.
The heart of Louk Hulsman’s work is his effort to change the way of thinking about penal law and criminology and all the connected areas of science involved. His views on juridical education were shaped from a wide variety of empirical research and favour a multi disciplinary approach. He has influenced many, never to accept at face value the way all aspects of the criminal justice system are presented, but to thoroughly research what is really there. Humanization of penal law has always been his main interest and has been the core of his life long activities, be it that those originated from the many committees he has chaired, from his work on legislation at the department of justice or the educational activities that he participated in around the world. He has had a major role in the reform of penal law on a national and international level, as a member of the committee under the ministry of justice (representative to the Council of Europe), and as a member of the committee on fines that served as an alternative to prison sentences; the committee on alternative punishment, the committee on preventive custody, and the committee on decriminalization. Conferences or congresses lead to new understanding and new papers that he wrote on these subjects. Until the last moment of his life, at an age of 85, he kept developing and stayed connected to penal law reform in the abolitionist form, the abolishment of it, visible in the many conferences, seminars, guest lectures that he was invited to because of his views. Below you will find a list of his activities in the year 2007 when he was 84 years old. The many places he was invited to and worked in this year give an example of his dedication to humanization.
Program 2007
January 2007: lecture University Hamburg, Germany.
March 2007, Rome, Italy, discussions with members of Italian parliament, representatives of various action groups, and representatives of various universities, about criminal policy.
Padua, Italy, workshop on penal law abolitionism for postdoctoral students.
April 2007, Congress Toscany, Italy, lecture on deprivation of liberty, organisation LAPIS in cooperation with magistrates.
Participant congress Free University Brussels, Belgium.
May 2007: Dubrovnik, lectures on Victimology.
June 2007: Istanbul, Turkey, lecture for a police congress.
Lausanne, Switzerland interlabo (International workshop), elements of sentencing, combined with a meeting of Déviance et Société.
July 2007: Hamburg, member promotion committee doctorate.
Lille, France, Congress University, lecture on drug policy.
August 2007: European Group, participant, congress Willem Pompe Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.
September 2007:
Guest lectures university Buenos Aires, Plata del mar and Voto, Argentine.
Symposium Buenos Aires, Argentine, lecture.
Toledo, Spain, participant Congress Defense Social
October 2007 Paris, France, interlabo en meeting Deviance et Société.
Ottawa, Canada, guest lectures: Une tache pour la criminologie
Bogota, Colombia, guest lectures University of Colombia,
tutoring a thesis on Wayou, indians.
November 2007 Montreal, Canada, interlabo en conference Deviance et Société.
All through this year at various dates he gave lectures at the Academia Vitae at Deventer, Netherlands.
Literature
Dutch:
Hulsman, L.H.C. , Handhaving van Recht, Kluwer, Deventer/Antwerpen 1965.
Hulsman, L.H.C., Strafrecht en Gerechtigheid, Te Elfder Ure, 1965.
Hulsman, L.H.C., De Gratie, kanttekeningen vanuit strafrechtelijk oogpunt, Preadvies voor de Rechtskundige afdeling van het Thijmgenootschap, Nijmegen, 1966.
HULSMAN (1966)
L.H.C. Hulsman, Dient het Wetboek van Strafrecht bepalingen te bevatten betreffende
het daderschap en de strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid van andere dan natuurlijke personen?, preadvies NJV, Handelingen der Nederlandse Juristen-Vereniging 1966, I, tweede stuk, Zwolle 1966
Hulsman, L.H.C., ‘Onbehagen over het recht’, De Gids, 130 (1967), 9/10.
Hulsman, L.H.C., ‘Provo and the maintenance of public order’, Delta, 10, 3 (herfst 1967).
1969 L.H.C. Hulsman: Gedachten over hervorming van het strafrecht
Heeft het strafrecht nog zin? / schrijvers: L.H.C. Hulsman … [et al.]. – [Nijmegen] : Criminologisch Dispuut Dr. Nico Muller, [1969]
DIJK (W.K.), Hulsman (L.H.C.), Drugs in Nederland, Bussum, Paul Brand,
1970,
Auteur: Bianchi, H. Esser, P.H. Buikhuisen, W. Enschedé, Ch.J. Griep, D.J. Wal, H.J. van der Polak, M. Hulsman, L.H.C. Ooijen, D. van Agt, A.A.M. van Franken, H. Blom, K. & Cremers, H.Th.P. Bibliotheeknummer: 821122 a+b ST
Titel: Alcohol en wegverkeer : feiten en meningen aan de orde gesteld op het congres “alcohol en wegverkeer”, gehouden op 13 en 14 maart 1970 te Amsterdam + congresmap. Bron: Baarn, Bosch & Keuning / In den Toren, 1970.; Anthos-boek – ISBN 90-6074-431-4
L.H.C. Hulsman, ’Reclassering en strafrecht’, Menswetenschappen (Amsterdam 1971)
Commissie Hulsman (1971). Ruimte in het drugbeleid – Rapport van een werkgroep van de stichting Algemeen Centraal Bureau voor de Geestelijke Volksgezondheid. Meppel: Boom
Hulsman, L.H.C., ‘Criminal justice in the Netherlands’ Delta, 16, 4 (winter 1973-1974).
HULSMAN L.H.C. Overwegingen bij het onderwerp: ‘democratisering van de rechtsspraak’ in: DOORN W.G.J. van & PUTTEN J. van, Democratie: Mogelijkheden en suggesties Staatsuitgeverij, ‘s-Gravenhage, 1980.
HULSMAN (1981)
L.H.C. Hulsman, Waarover beslist men eigenlijk in het strafrechtelijk systeem?, in: A.J. Bins e.a., Beginselen − opstellen over strafrecht aangeboden aan G.E.Mulder, Arnhem 1981.
Hulsman, L. H. C., “Kriminele politiek en (strafrechtelijke) zedelijkheidswetgeving” (Criminal politics and punishable morality legislation) In: Bij deze stand van zaken. Bundel opstellen aangeboden aan A. L. Melai. Arnhem: Gouda Quint, 1983.
Hulsman & De Mulder (1986)Hulsman, L.H.C. & R.V. de Mulder, Straftoemeting volgens Hulsman, een juridisch computer-adviessysteem, JURICAS serie B deel 3, Lelystad:Koninklijke Vermande 1986
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1986), in Het blauwe recht. Op weg naar een
Beroepscode voor de politie, Vermande, Lelystad.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1998), “Vier jaren paars in de justitie-sector”, in
Coornhertliga (ed), Crimineel jaarboek 1998, Nijmegen, Ars Aequi
Libri.
Abolitionismus als Strafrechtstheorie,Gouda Quint. 1996 (Summary in
English: Abolitionism as Penal Law Theory. Theoretical Reflections on
L.H. C. Hulsman’s Abolitionism)
English:
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1972), Strategies of Changing Legal Systems, in
“Symposium of the Research Committee on Sociology of Law”, I.S.A.
Proceedings.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1973), The Decriminalization, in Transactions of
Colloquium of Bellagio, General Report of the International Association
of Penal Law.
Hulsman, L.H.C., ‘Criminal justice in the Netherlands’ Delta, 16, 4 (winter 1973-1974).
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1974), “The Penal System as a Social Problem”, in
Issues and Answers, The Rural Crime and Justice Institute, Collegeville,
Minnesota.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1977), Penal and Penitentiary Aspects of Road Traffic,
General Report for the Fourth International Colloquium of the
International Penal and Penitentiary Foundation, Proceedings of the
Fourth International Colloquium of the IPPF, Rotterdam, June 1977.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1977), Violence as a Challenge to Modern Society,
Institut universitaire international, Luxembourg.
Hulsman, L. H. C. 1978, ‘The Dutch Criminal Justice System From A Comparative Legal Perspective’, in Introduction To Dutch Law For Foreign Lawyers, Kluwer-Deventer,
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1979), together with others, “The Causes and
Manifestations of Recent Trends in Juvenile Delinquency − Their
Impact on Policies of Prevention, Treatment and Rehabilitation of
Offenders”, in New Approaches in the Treatment of Young Offenders.
European Social Development Program, New York, UN.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1979), An Abolitionist Perspective on Criminal Justice
Systems and a Scheme to Organise Approaches to ‘Problematic
Situations’, Colloque international pour le 50ème anniversaire de
l’Ecole de criminologie de Louvain, 22-26 mai 1979.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1980), together with others, Report on
Decriminalisation, Council of Europe, Strasbourg.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1981), “Penal Reform in the Netherlands. Part 1 −
Bringing the Criminal Justice System under Control”, in The Howard
Journal of Penology and Crime Prevention, 20 , 3, pp. 150-159.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1982), “Penal Reform in the Netherlands. Part 2 −
Criteria for Deciding on Alternatives to Imprisonment”, in The Howard
Journal of Penology and Crime Prevention, 21, 1, pp. 35-47.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1983), On the Relation between Social Control inside
and outside Criminal Justice, Report at the International Congress on
Criminology, Wien, 1983.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1984), Sexual Behaviour and Attitudes and their
Implications for Criminal Law, Fifteenth Criminological Research
Conference of the Council of Europe (22-25 Nov.1982). General Report
and Conclusions, Proceedings of the Conference, Council of Europe,
Strassbourg.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1984), together with others, Toward a Victim Policy in
Europe HEUNI publications,series 2, Helsinki pp. 1-14 and pp. 224-
227.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1984), together with others, Report on the Discussions
and Proposed Resolutions, Actes du Colloque international de
l’A.I.D.P. (Tokyo 1984), Revue internationale de droit pénal, 54, 3,
“Déjudiciarisation et médiation”.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1985), “Conflicts as Property: Fear of Crime, Criminal
Justice and the Caring Community, in J.A.Y
ODER(ed), Support Networks in a Caring Community, Dordrecht, Martinus Nijhof.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1985), Critical Criminology and the Concept of Crime,
in International Conference on Prison Abolition, Amsterdam, 24-27
June 1985, V, 37, pp. 37-58.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1986), “Critical Criminology and the Concept of
Crime”, in Contemporary Crisis,10, pp. 63-80.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1986), “Critical Criminology and the Concepts of
Crime”, in H. BIANCHI and R. VAN SWAANINGEN (eds), Towards a Non
Repressive Approach to Crime, Amsterdam .
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1989), “The Right of the Victim not to be subordinated
to the Dynamics of Criminal Justice”, in Z.P. SEPAROVIC(ed),
Victimology, International Action and Study of the Victims, Zagreb. vol.
1, pp. 25-35.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1991), “The Abolitionist Case: Alternative Crime
Policies”, in Israel Law Review, 25, 3-4, Summer-Autumn, pp 681-709.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1996), in a discussion with others, (Cayley David i.a.) in
a program series of the Canadian broadcasting corporation “To Hurt or to Heal? Ideas on Prison
and its Alternatives”, The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC
Radio-P.O. Box 500 Station A-Toronto, Ontario) pp.1-99.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1998), “Struggles about Terminology: ‘Problematic
Situation’ versus Crime”, in YVES CARTUYVELS, FRANÇOISE DIGNEFFE, PIRES ALVARO, ROBERT PHILIPPE(eds), Politique,police et
justice au bord du futur. Mélanges pour et avec Lode van Outrive, pp.
45-56 , Paris et Montreal, l’Harmattan.
Français:
HULSMAN, L. H. C., (1979), « Un paradigme criminologique abolitionniste et la recherche sur la catégorie du crime », dans Le Fonctionnement de la justice pénale, Paris, Éditions du C.F.R.S. (orig. 1977)
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1970), “Le choix de la sanction pénale”, in Revue de
science criminelle et de droit pénal comparé, 25, 3, pp. 497-545.
Hulsman, Rico, Rizkalla : Fonctions et tâches de la police. Presses de l’Université de Montréal, 1974
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1975), “Défense sociale nouvelle et critères de
décriminalisation”, in Aspects nouveaux de la pensée juridique –
Recueil d’études en hommage à Marc Ancel, Paris, Pedone, pp. 20-35.
HULSMAN L.H.C, (1975), “Défense sociale nouvelle et critères de
décriminalisation”, in Aspects nouveaux de la pensée juridique –
Recueil d’études en hommage à Marc Ancel, II, Paris, Pedone, pp. 19-
33.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1977), “L’évolution de la peine de l’emprisonnement
aux Pays Bas”, in Revue de droit pénal et de criminologie, 57, pp.865-
879 (sept 1977).
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1978), “Trafic routier et système pénal. Quelques
réflections de politique criminelle”, in Revue de science criminelle et de
droit pénal comparé (numero spécial Les infractions routières), 33, 2,
pp. 237-262 .
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1979), “Un paradigme ‘criminologique’ abolitionniste
et la recherche sur la catégorie du crime”, in Le fonctionnement de la
justice pénale, Editions du Centre National de la Recerche Scientifique,
Paris, pp. 485-500.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1979), “Un paradigme criminologique abolitionniste et
la recherche sur la catégorie du crime”, in DAVIDOVITCH A. (ed),
Connaissance et fonctionnement de la justice pénale: perspectives
sociologiques et criminologiques, Paris, C.N.R.S., pp 485-498.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1980), version française du Rapport sur la
décriminalisation du Conseil de l’Europe (voir ci-dessus dans la liste
anglaise).
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1981), “Une perspective abolitionniste du système de la justice pénale et un schéma d’approche des situations problématiques”,
in C. Debuyst (ed) Dangerosité et Justice pénale, ambiguité d’une
pratique, Paris, Genève, Masson, Médecine et Hygiène.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1982), avec BERNAT DE CELIS J., Peines perdues. Le
système pénal en question, Paris, Le Centurion.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1984), avec HILDE VAN RANSBEEK
, “Evaluation critique de la politique des drogues”, dans Déviance et société,7, p. 271.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1984) and others, Rapports pour la Quinzième
Conférence criminologique du Conseil de l’Europe. Version française
(pour les détails voir ci-dessus dans la liste anglaise).
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1984), “Planification et politique criminelle, aspects
généraux”, in ANCEL MARC et KOUDRIAVTSEV(eds), La planification
des mesures de lutte contre la délinquence, Paris, A.Pedone , pp.43-63.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1984), avec BERNAT DE CÉLIS J., “Fondements et
enjeux de la théorie de l’abolition de système pénal”, in Revue de
l’Université de Bruxelles, Editions de l’Universite de Bruxelles, pp 297-
317.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1990), “Réponse à Maurice Cusson”, in Déviance et
société, 14, 3, p. 325.
FAUGERON C. ET HULSMAN L.H.C., (1996), “Le développement de la
criminologie au sein du Conseil de l’Europe: état et perspectives”, in
TULKENS F. et BOSLEY
H. (eds), La justice pénale en Europe, Bruxelles,
p 29 et suiv.
Quelques publications dans d’autres langues (liste incomplète):
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1983), “Abolire il sistema penale?” (Intervista a … con
la partecipazione di Lolita Aniyar De Castro, Alessandro Baratta, Pio
Marconi, Realino Marra, Massimo Pavarini), in Dei delitti e delle pene,
1, pp. 71-89.
HULSMAN L.H.C., BERNAT DE CELIS J., POLITOFFS., (1984), Sistema
penal y seguridad ciudadana, Barcelona, Ariel.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1984), La politica de drogas: Fuente de problemas y
vehiculo de colonización y represión, en Trigesimo quinto courso
international de criminologia (société internationale de criminologie)
Proceedings, Quito.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1993), “El enfoque abolitionista: politicas criminals
alternatives”, en Criminologia critica y control social. El poder punitivo
del Estado, Rosario, Editorial Juris.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1993), BERNAT DE CELIS J., KARAN MARIA LUCIA
,Penas Perdidas,O Sistema Penal em Questao, Luam, Niteroii.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (march 1996), “Prevencion del delito y nuevas formas
de justicia”, Quadernos d’estudis I documentacio, Barcelona.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1997), trad. Alejandra Vallespir, Pensar en clave
abolicionista, Cinap (Centro universitario de la carcel de Caseros),
Buenos Aires.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (1997), “Temas e conceitos numa abordagem
abolicionista da justica criminal”, en EDSON PASSETTI et ROBERT DA
SILVA(eds.) Conversacoes Abolicionistas, uma critica do sistema penal
e da sociedade punitiva, Publicao do Instituto brasileiro de Ciencias
Criminais, Sao Paulo.
HULSMAN L.H.C., (2002), “Alternative alla giustizia criminale”, in
RAFFAELE DE GIORGI(ed), Il diritto e la differenza, Scritti in onore di
Alessandro Baratta, Lecce, Vol. 2, pp 249-274.
